5 Graines Aquilaria sinensis , Agarwood tree seeds

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Vendeur: gardenarea2014 ✉️ (6.372) 0%, Lieu où se trouve: Buchelay France, FR, Lieu de livraison: WORLDWIDE, Numéro de l'objet: 262763151764 5 Graines Aquilaria sinensis , Agarwood tree seeds .  

   

 Aquilaria sinensis 

  Agarwood           Aquilaria sinensis is a species of plant in the Thymelaeaceae family. It is endemic to China. It is threatened by habitat loss. This medicinal plant is a source of fragrant wood, formed under a pathological condition, called Chen Xiang (Chinese: 沈香) or agarwood. Aquilaria sinensis is an evergreen tree, 6 to 20 m tall. The smooth bark is grayish to dark grey, and the wood is white to yellowish – so giving it another Chinese name “Pak Muk Heung” (White Wood Incense). Its branchlets are sparsely covered with hairs when young. Its leaves are alternate, leathery, obovate to elliptic, generally 5 to 11 cm long and 2 to 4 cm wide, with 15 to 20 pairs of inconspicuous and nearly parallel lateral veins which is a helpful diagnostic feature in the field. The apex of each leaf is short acuminate and the base is broadly cuneate, with entire and smooth margins. Its flowers are yellowish green, fragrant, in a terminal or axillary umbel. The fruit is a woody obovoid capsule with an outer covering of short grey hairs, 2.5 to 3 cm long, opening in two flat valves when ripen. When the fruit is open, a silky thread from the base of the fruit holds the single seed (or two) in the air. The tree produces agarwood, a valuable fragrant wood used for incense and medicine. Previously, the wood was used to make joss sticks and incense, but in Hong Kong this industry has died out. The balm (resin) produced and accumulated from the wood is used as a valuable Chinese medicine called “Chen Xiang” (沉香). According to Chinese medicinal literature, the resin can be extracted in large quantities by natural fungal infection or by external wounding (up to 5 cm into the bark). Sustainable harvesting of the resin of one tree can be induced by opening a wound 3 to 4 cm into the bark, and with the resin collected a few years later after accumulation. Or a small quantity of resin can be extracted from wood blocks by heating or burning, so that the resin liquefies and seeps from the wood blocks. Sections of trees trunks or branches that contain patches of fragrant, resinous wood enter into the trade under the name “agarwood”. The resin is probably produced by the plant as a reaction against fungal infection or external wounding. Resin impregnated fragrant wood is usually found in trees older than 20 years. Although not all trees are infected, with increasing harvest pressure, harvesters in some regions often fell trees indiscriminately in search of infected wood. Good quality “Chen Xiang”, derived mostly from a related species Aquilaria malaccensis, was formerly imported from the Asian tropics into China but the supply of such quality products is now depleted. The resin produced by Aquilaria sinensis has been used as a substitute to the former and thus also under threats. A. sinensis is a traditional medicine of the Yi people. The extract of the leaves has a laxative effect and the chemical constituent that causes it is genkwanin 5-O-beta-primeveroside. The extract has shown activity against pain and inflammation in mice.  There are fifteen species in the Aquilaria genus and eight are known to produce Oud (Agar wood). In theory Oud (Agar wood) can be produced from all members; however, until recently it was primarily produced from Aquilaria malaccensis. Aquilaria agallocha and Aquilaria secundaria are synonyms for Aquilaria malaccensis. Aquilaria crassna and Aquilaria sinensis are the other two members of the same genus that are usually harvested. Formation of Oud (Agar wood) occurs in the trunk, branch and roots of the trees that have been infected by a parasitc ascomycetous mold, Phaeoacremonium parasitica, a dematiaceous (dark-walled deep infected) fungus. As a response, the tree produces a resin high in volatile organic compounds that aids in suppressing or retarding the fungal growth. While the unaffected wood of the tree is relatively light in color & almost useless, the resin dramatically increases the mass and density of the affected wood, changing its color from a pale beige to dark brown or black. In natural forest only as rare as 7% of the trees are infected by the fungus in natural way. A common method in artificial forestry is to inoculate all the trees with the fungus, but no sustainable result has yet been noted. High quality resin comes from a tree's natural immune response to a fungal attack. It is commonly known as Oud (Agar wood) Super (King quality). An inferior resin is created using forced methods where aquilaria trees are deliberately wounded, leaving them more susceptible to a fungal attack. This has not yet produced Agar wood of valuable.   Oud (Agar wood) plantations have been established in a number of countries. The success of these plantations depends on the stimulation of Oud (Agar wood) production in the trees. Numerous inoculation techniques have been developed, with varying degrees of success, but so far no sustainable report has been found. Aquilaria species that produces Oud (Agar wood) Aquilaria subintegra, found in Thailand Aquilaria crassna found in Malaysia, Thailand, and Cambodia Aquilaria malaccensis, found in Malaysia, Thailand, and India Aquilaria apiculina, found in Philippines Aquilaria baillonil, found in Thailand and Cambodia Aquilaria baneonsis, found in Vietnam Aquilaria beccarain, found in Indonesia Aquilaria brachyantha, found in Malaysia Aquilaria cumingiana, found in Indonesia and Malaysia Aquilaria filaria, found in China Aquilaria grandiflora, found in China Aquilaria hilata, found in Indonesia and Malaysia Aquilaria khasiana, found in India, Bangladesh & Bhutan Aquilaria microcapa, found in Indonesia and Malaysia Aquilaria rostrata, found in Malaysia Aquilaria sinensis, found in China Aquilaria filarial found in Indonesia Aquilaria filarial found in Papua new guinea Aquilaria Malaccensis found in Brunei         5 Seeds 

 Aquilaria sinensis   
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